The Republic of Buryatia

Characteristics of habitat conditions

The territory of the Republic of Buryatia has a sharply continental climate with large annual and daily fluctuations in air temperature and uneven distribution of precipitation by season, characterized by cold winters and hot summers. During the cold period of the year, a powerful North-Eastern spur of the Siberian anticyclone develops over the territory of the Republic, which occurs in September-October and disappears in April-may. Therefore, winter is characterized by a large number of Sunny days and low air temperatures, which are observed in river valleys and basins, where there is stagnation and intensive air conditioning. The average temperature in January is -20 ° C, -30 ° C, and its absolute minimum is -45 ° C, -55 ° C. Low-cloud, low-wind or calm weather prevails with a minimum amount of precipitation per year. During this period, there is no significant precipitation and therefore the snow cover capacity is small.

Severe windless winter is replaced by late windy and dry spring with night frosts. The barometric pressure decreases during this period, and cold air flows from the Northern regions of Siberia rush to the territory. This contributes to the return of cold weather and the appearance of long and strong winds.

the Summer is short, dry in the first half with some dry winds that have developed on the territory of Mongolia, in the second (July-August) cyclonic activity gradually increases, resulting in wet air masses coming from the Pacific ocean. The wind speed increases and the bulk of precipitation falls: in July and August, 60-70% of the annual norm is accounted for. The average temperature of the warmest month – July-reaches +15 ° C, +20 ° C, and its absolute maximum is +30 ° C, +38 ° C.

Autumn is short and dry with sharp daily temperature fluctuations and often with early frosts.

a Significant feature of the climate of the Republic of Buryatia is the long duration of sunshine-1900-2200 hours, which is not inferior to this indicator, and in a swarm exceeds the southern regions of Russia.

in General, the situation on the availability of food for all types of hunting animals in 2019 within the boundaries of the BPT can be described as"good". In most areas it is good, and in some areas it is an excellent food resource for mouse-like animals. Average yield of pine nuts and mushrooms, good, except for certain areas, berry harvest. There is a recovery of plant feeds in places where forest fires occurred in the summer-autumn period of 2015 in the Baikal, Kurumkansky, Barguzinsky, Kabansky districts, which has a positive effect on the life of ungulate species.

in connection with annual forest fires in the summer and autumn period, there is a heterogeneity of plant feeds in the distribution of land in the regions of the Republic. At the same time, due to the abundance of seeds of other coniferous species, stocks of branch feeds, and fungi in the regions, the situation with plant feeds can be described as safe for all animal species.

Considering also that many types of hunting resources are euryphages and use a wide variety of animal and plant feeds, switching from one type of feed to another, partial crop failures of some plant species or lack of animal feed do not have a noticeable negative impact on the decline in the number of animals.

the Prevailing natural and climatic conditions in 2019 did not cause mass migrations of squirrels and Sables. Only annual seasonal migrations of ROE species, mostly ROE deer, were observed.

Condition of hunting resources

• Ungulates
• Fur-bearing species
• Predators

• Ungulates
• Fur-bearing species
• Predators

Ungulates

Manchurian wapiti The number of this species on the territory of the regions of the Republic included in the BPT (with the exception of the Bauntovsky, Yeravninsky, Muysky and Okinsky districts) according to the winter route accounting of 2019 is 18,629 individuals, which is 10% higher than in 2018. The population has been stable for the previous five years. 512 permits were issued for the production of this species in the hunting season of 2019 in the territory of the hunting grounds of the BPT; production amounted to 318 individuals, i.e. 62% of the number of permits issued.

Wild boar. In 2019, the abundance of the species increased by 6% and amounted to 4,539 individuals. During the 2019 hunting season, 1,731 permits were issued and a total of 849 individuals were harvested, this is almost twice the production volume of the previous hunting season.

Musk deer. According to the WRC data, in 2019 there are 27,181 individuals in the territory of BNT, what is higher than the long-term average. During the 2019 hunting season, 1,088 permits were issued, of which 1082 individuals were harvested. The volume of production was 99,4% of the number of permits issued and 4% of the population on the territory of the BPT.

Siberian roe deer. According to the WRC data, the abundance of this species in the BNT was 27,519 individuals in 2019, which is 8,7% lower than the figure of 2018. During the 2019 hunting season, 1,693 permits were issued and 1,1396 individuals were harvested.

Elk. According to WRC, the abundance of elk in BNT in 2019 is estimated at 5,871 individuals, which is 16% more than the level of 2018. During the 2019 hunting season, the amount of issued permits was 65 permits and 95 individuals were harvested.

Wild reindeer The abundance of this species remains stable due to local pockets. According to the credentials of 2019, the abundance of the wild reindeer is 2,787 individuals, remaining at the level of the population indicator in 2018 and being the average indicator in the five-year dynamics. During the 2019 hunting season, 197 permits were issued and 128 individuals were harvested which is lower than the production rate of the previous hunting season.

Fur-bearing species

Squirrel. In the Republic of Buryatia, the Transbaikal squirrel lives within the BNT, occupying mountain larch forests of Dahurian larch, as well as cedar, pine and larch and pine forests. The number of species according to the state monitoring data varies by year, but in General it tends to restore the number to the level of 2005-2006. the indicator for counting the number in 2019 was 149,852 individuals, which is 7% lower than the number in 2018. In the 2019 hunting season, 645 squirrel permits were issued; 23,541 individuals were produced, which is 24% nore than the previous hunting season.

Sobol. According to the WRC data, the abundance of sable reached 35,116 individuals in 2019, which is above the average for the past five years. During 2019 hunting season, 9,516 sables were harvested.

White Hare. The abundance dynamics of the arctic hare is cyclical with 62,794 individuals in 2019, which is 10% more than in 2018. The harvest of the 2019 season, was 4,739 individuals.

Siberian Weasel. According to the state census, the abundance of this species was 6,583 individuals in 2019, which is 11% more than in 2019. The harvest during the 2019 hunting season was 114 individuals under implemented agreements on hunting the amount of 348 individuals.

Fox. According to WRC data, the abundance of foxes is 1,639 individuals in 2019, which is much less than the level of 2018. In certain areas of the republic, due to the rabies outbreak, specialized measures were taken to reduce their number. As part of the fox abundance regulation, 128 individuals were harvested. The scope of amateur harvest amounted to 144 individuals.

Predators

Lynx. The distribution of the lynx population is uneven, the most common landscapes, where the lynx is currently kept, are mountains, pine and larch forest steppe. The range area is 15,000–18,000 thousand hectares. According to WRC data, in the republic the abundance of lynx within the BNT is 2,069 individuals in 2019, which is 9% more than the level of 2018. During the 2019 hunting season, 150 individuals were harvested under 54 permits which is almost twice as much as last year.

Bear. The 2019 spring census showed that the abundance of bears remains high. In the Republic of Buryatia, the abundance of bears is estimated at 4,635 individuals in BNT, which is 15 % more than in 2018. During the 2019 hunting season, 103 permits were issued for Amateur sport hunting, as well as 33 permits for regulating the predator population due to threats to human life and health. As a result, 101 predatory individuals were extracted, including 25 within the framework of regulation.

Wolf. The number of this species is estimated by hunting experts and on the basis of accounting data annually decreases due to systematic work on regulating its number. According to the estimates of game warden specialists and based on census data, the abundance of this species was 811 individuals in 2019. In 2019, 471 predators were harvested during Amateur sport hunting and as part of measures to regulate the number of predators.

Upland fowl

Wood grouse. The post-harvest abundance of ordinary and stone wood grouse decreased in 2019 in comparison with the previous year and amounted to 76,916 individuals. In the 2019 hunting season 673 bird individuals were harvested.

Hazel grouse. It is used as an object for amateur hunting. The post harvest abundance of the species was estimated at 325,362 individuals. During the 2019 hunting season 6,586 individuals were harvested which is slightly lower than last year's level.

Black grouse. According to the WRC data, the post-harvest abundance of black grouses in the territory of the republic decreased in 2019, and amounted to 100,218 individuals. In the 2019 hunting season 1,264 individuals were harvested.

White grouse. It inhabits mainly goltsy and subgoltsy belts. Due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of habitats, the information on its number is not fully received. In 2019, the abundance of the species was 36,346 individuals which is lower than last year's level. It is harvested by chance encounters.

Daurian partridge. Habitats are confined to field lands. According to the data for 2019, the total abundance of Daurian partridges in the BNT was 139,831 individuals. During 2019 hunting season, 3,792 partridges were harvested.